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<p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4Cast #290: Copyright
limitations and exceptions</span><br>
<!-- Make sure you modify the date of the 4Cast in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic;
font-family: arial;">July 11th, 2012</span></p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
class="alignleft wp-image-2878"
title="copyright"
src="cid:part4.00080009.04010006@oplin.org"
alt="" width="100" height="104">Last week, while
many of us were enjoying fireworks in the sky,
there were some equally stunning fireworks in
international copyright law. Much of the buzz was
about the United States' new stance toward
international "limitations and exceptions" -
examples being First Sale and Fair Use, two
limitations and exceptions in domestic copyright
law that allow American libraries to operate, but
which the U.S. until now has refused to include in
international treaties. The fireworks started on
July 3 during negotiations on the Trans-Pacific
Partnership (TPP) trade agreement, and continued
on Independence Day when the European Parliament
rejected the U.S.-backed Anti-Counterfeiting Trade
Agreement (ACTA).
</p>
<div> </div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/edblack/2012/07/06/how-getting-internet-provisions-right-in-tpp-trade-talks-could-boost-economy-for-all/">How
getting Internet provisions right in TPP trade
talks could boost economy for all</a>
(Forbes/Ed Black) "The U.S. government is under
pressure by some, including many in Hollywood,
not to support language that's good for the
Internet. But early this week USTR [United
States Trade Representative] <a
href="http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/blog/2012/july/ustr-introduces-new-copyright-exceptions-limitations-provision">proposed</a>
some <a
href="http://www.ccianet.org/index.asp?sid=5&artid=308&evtflg=False">key
copyright language</a> that emphasizes the
importance of limitations and exceptions (such
as 'fair use' in the U.S.) that industries,
which represent one-sixth of the U.S. GDP,
depend on. Previous trade deals like the flawed
Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement would have
exported the intellectual property enforcement
provisions of the U.S. Digital Millennium
Copyright Act minus the kind of limitations and
exceptions that have allowed US companies to
flourish."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.zdnet.com/acta-rejected-by-europe-leaving-copyright-treaty-near-dead-7000000255/">ACTA
rejected by Europe, leaving copyright treaty
near dead</a> (ZDNet/David Meyer) "ACTA
demanded the criminalisation of
'commercial-scale' copyright infringement, but
its definition of commercial scale was broad
enough to turn bloggers putting copyrighted
images on their blogs into criminals. The treaty
also criminalised the circumvention of digital
rights management (DRM) and introduced a
US-style approach to the calculation of damages.
This latter measure would have allowed the
equation of unlawful downloads with lost sales -
a questionable method, as many people download
something only to go on and buy it."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2012/07/op-ed-eus-rejection-of-acta-subtly-changed-trade-law-landscape/">Op-ed:
MPAA/RIAA lose big as US backs copyright
"limitations"</a> (Ars Technica/Harold Feld)
"...many US industries outside of Hollywood and
the recording industry wanted ACTA to actually
fight real counterfeiting. So not only did
everyone end up wasting time on a treaty no one
wants to sign anymore, businesses hoping to use
the agreement to fight the folks making
warehouses full of fake Rolex watches and such
are totally out of luck. And why? Because the
MPAA/RIAA [Motion Picture Association of America
/ Recording Industry Association of America]
insisted ACTA needed lots of crazy stuff on
intellectual property, and no one wanted to say
no to the MPAA/RIAA."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.webpronews.com/with-acta-dead-tpp-shapes-up-to-avoid-the-same-fate-2012-07">With
ACTA dead, TPP shapes up to avoid the same
fate</a> (WebProNews/Zach Walton) "So why is
this such a big deal? The introduction of the
Berne three-step test to TPP makes the copyright
section at least appear desirable. The
three-step test allows people to use copyrighted
works in cases of criticism, parody, education,
etc all under the banner of fair use. So is TPP
fine after this? Not by a long shot, but it
proves that the USTR is at least attentive to
recent happenings around the world."</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
<p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>TPP
fact:</em></strong></small><br>
</p>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">The
Trans-Pacific Partnership started (under another
name) as a 2005 trade agreement between Chile,
Singapore, New Zealand, and Brunei. Negotiations
to expand the agreement to eight other countries,
including the United States, have been in process
since 2007.
</div>
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