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                    <p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
                      <span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
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                        line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4Cast #299: Copyright
                        alerts</span><br>
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                      <span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
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                        font-family: arial;">September 12th, 2012</span></p>
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                    <p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
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                        title="handcuffs"
                        src="cid:part4.06010006.01010509@oplin.org"
                        alt="" width="154" height="92">Administrators at
                      many of the libraries served by OPLIN have
                      received emails from OPLIN Support passing along
                      complaints about copyright infringement, often
                      tracing back to a public computer in a library
                      being used to download a copyright-protected
                      movie. Automated measures to stop such
                      infringement have hit the news lately, as
                      "copyright bots" blocked portions of the Hugo
                      Awards and the Democratic National Convention
                      broadcasts. For the past year, there also has been
                      a system in place, called the Copyright Alert
                      System, that tries to stop copyright infringement
                      by sending notices of illegal downloads to
                      participating Internet service providers (ISPs),
                      in the hope that the ISP will take action against
                      their infringing customer. And it's possible that
                      a <a href="http://www.oplin.org/4cast/?p=2865">Trans-Pacific
                        Partnership</a> (TPP) trade agreement may
                      someday create meaningful legal incentives for
                      ISPs to police the Internet. Meanwhile, what
                      should a library know about the law if it receives
                      a copyright infringement notice? These sites might
                      help.
                    </p>
                    <div> </div>
                    <ul style="text-align: left;">
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2388538,00.asp">ISP
                          copyright alerts: Your questions answered</a>
                        (PCMag/Chloe Albanesius) "Most ISPs already
                        issue copyright infringement notices to
                        customers if they receive complaints from
                        copyright holders. This Copyright Alert System
                        is just an effort to get everyone on the same
                        page in terms of how to notify customers and how
                        to penalize repeat offenders. Under the Digital
                        Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), ISPs are
                        required to respond to copyright notices if they
                        want to be protected by the law's safe harbor
                        clause. In other words, if someone is using
                        Comcast's network to download illegal files,
                        Comcast won't get in trouble provided it
                        responds to complaints and deals with the
                        customer in question."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-31001_3-20077659-261/should-you-fear-new-isp-copyright-enforcers/">Should
                          you fear new ISP copyright enforcers?</a>
                        (CNET/Greg Sandoval) "Those ISPs that have
                        partnered with the music and film sectors have
                        the option of issuing six warnings to a
                        subscriber before moving to the 'mitigation'
                        stage. Way down in the press release announcing
                        the agreement is the bit about how the ISPs will
                        hobble the connection speeds of those accused of
                        multiple offenses or completely cut off their
                        Web connection until they stop infringing
                        intellectual property."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.newmediarights.org/business_models/artist/what_legal_consequences_can_there_be_illegally_downloading_movies_or_music">What
                          legal consequences can there be for illegally
                          downloading movies or music?</a> (New Media
                        Rights/Shaun Spalding) "It is against the law
                        for the person who posted the video to have
                        posted it. However, it's not against the law for
                        you to watch/stream an infringing video that has
                        been posted. If it was, millions of people would
                        be breaking the law just by watching videos on
                        YouTube each day. Even though it's not against
                        the law to watch them, as soon as you do
                        anything to reproduce or redistribute the
                        illegal video yourself, then you actually are
                        committing infringement. For example, if you try
                        to download the video from the streaming site
                        onto your hard drive, you have then
                        independently broken the law and can be held
                        responsible for that download."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CDkQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexology.com%2Flibrary%2Fdetail.aspx%3Fg%3D1fdebf2e-754b-4018-a356-d81a1cf000de&ei=R0ZOULu1NaTz0gHfr4HoAg&usg=AFQjCNFNYmwPDMBmO_4-oqUkpg8CvR4E6g">Stored
                          Communications Act and internet service
                          providers</a> (Lexology/Winston & Strawn
                        LLP) "Magistrate Judge Brown found that while
                        the plaintiffs could make a prima facie claim,
                        they could not demonstrate that there was a
                        reasonable likelihood that the requested
                        discovery would lead to identifying information
                        of the individuals who had downloaded the
                        copyrighted material without authorization. He
                        noted the widespread use of wireless routers and
                        that multiple computers and multiple users can
                        access the Internet from a single wireless
                        router. Thus, while an IP address may lead to a
                        particular wireless router, it does not
                        establish a reasonable likelihood that it would
                        lead to an individual who can be sued for
                        copyright infringement."</li>
                    </ul>
                    <div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
                    <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Notice
                            fact:</em></strong></small><br>
                    </p>
                    <div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">OPLIN is
                      not a participant in the Copyright Alert System.
                      Nevertheless, we have received over 500 complaints
                      since the beginning of 2012, which we forward on
                      to libraries for their information.
                    </div>
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