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                    <p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
                      <span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
                        color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
                        line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4Cast #304: Wireless
                        advances</span><br>
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                      <span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
                        color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic;
                        font-family: arial;">October 17th, 2012</span></p>
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                    <p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
                        class="alignleft wp-image-3154" title="wireless
                        signal"
                        src="cid:part4.03030008.03050901@oplin.org"
                        alt="" height="125" width="120">While wired
                      Internet broadband capacity and usage keeps
                      relentlessly increasing, the truly interesting
                      action is happening in wireless Internet.
                      Technology companies are not devoting a great deal
                      of effort to doing innovative stuff with cable
                      modems; they're working on innovative stuff for
                      mobile devices. Even as wireless carriers compete
                      fiercely to get us to use their brand-new 4G
                      cellular wireless networks, work is already
                      starting on 5G cellular. It looks like this next
                      generation of wireless technology could drive a
                      change in the way we use the Internet in our daily
                      lives, with the expansion of the so-called
                      Internet of Things (IoT) and new developments in
                      machine-to-machine (M2M) networking.
                    </p>
                    <div> </div>
                    <ul style="text-align: left;">
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-19871065">5G
                          research centre gets major funding grant</a>
                        (BBC News) "Prof Rahim Tafozolli said work had
                        already begun. 'The boundaries between mobile
                        communication and the internet are blurring, so
                        the fifth generation is internet on the move,'
                        he told the BBC. Prof Tafozolli, professor of
                        mobile wireless communications and the director
                        of Surrey University's Centre for Communications
                        Systems Research, said: '4G for us is old hat.
                        We started working on 4G 10 years ago.'"</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://money.cnn.com/2012/03/08/technology/5G-wireless/index.htm">Start
                          thinking about 5G wireless</a> (CNNMoney/David
                        Goldman) "Each generation of network technology
                        has enabled a new set of features: 2G was about
                        voice, 3G was about data and 4G is about video.
                        5G, [Bell Labs' Tod] Sizer predicts, will be
                        about intelligent networks that can handle
                        billions of connected devices while remaining
                        stable and operational. That will be tricky if
                        the future proves as connected as industry
                        leaders forecast."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.wfs.org/blogs/thomas-frey/empowering-%E2%80%9Cthings%E2%80%9D-for-our-internet-things">Empowering
                          "things" for our Internet of Things</a> (World
                        Future Society/Thomas Frey) "Our mushrooming
                        'Internet of Things' is growing exponentially,
                        and estimates of its progression vary
                        tremendously. GSMA [GSM Association] estimates
                        connecting 24 billion devices by 2020, while
                        Cisco and Ericsson think we will hit 50 billion.
                        Depending on a few key breakthroughs, these
                        estimates may all be on low end, and here's why.
                        Telecom carriers are primarily concerned about
                        devices that connect directly to the Internet,
                        but a rapidly growing category of peripheral
                        devices are designed to connect indirectly
                        through smartphones, home or office Wi-Fi, or
                        other smart devices."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/M2M-technology-ushers-in-the-age-of-total-connection">M2M
                          technology ushers in the age of total
                          connection</a> (ComputerWeekly/Kathleen Hall)
                        "One issue for the deployment of M2M is the lack
                        of seamless connectivity for wireless and patchy
                        3G coverage. The GSMA says spectrum will be
                        crucial in achieving a more networked economy,
                        supported by a sufficiently flexible regulatory
                        environment in the telecoms sector and in other
                        industries. In the next four years the mobile
                        industry will invest $793bn in expanding the
                        coverage and capabilities of mobile networks,
                        according to GSMA."</li>
                    </ul>
                    <div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
                    <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Historic
                            fact:</em></strong></small><br>
                    </p>
                    <div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">Arguably
                      the first smartphone was the <a
                        href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUG7nwMmoUc">IBM
                        Simon</a>, which was distributed by BellSouth
                      from late 1994 to early 1995. It offered users a
                      calendar, address book, calculator, email, fax
                      services, and games. It cost $899 with a two-year
                      contract.
                    </div>
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