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<p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4cast #347:
Photocopier gotcha</span><br>
<!-- Make sure you modify the date of the 4Cast in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic;
font-family: arial;">August 14th, 2013</span></p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
alt="xerox copier"
src="cid:part4.04070902.01030409@oplin.org"
height="95" width="110" align="left">We have a
confession to make. We used to chuckle at people
using the library photocopier who carefully
compare their fresh copy to their original
document. That's crazy behavior! Except now it
turns out that it's not so crazy after all. Three
weeks ago, a German researcher looked closely at
one of his photocopies and discovered that it did
<em>not</em> match the original. Even more
astounding, Xerox (the company that made his
photocopier) admitted that it is possible for a
photocopier to mistakenly change a document.
Really?! If you can't trust your photocopier, what
<em>can</em> you trust?
</p>
<div> </div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.dkriesel.com/en/blog/2013/0802_xerox-workcentres_are_switching_written_numbers_when_scanning?">Xerox
scanners/photocopiers randomly alter numbers
in scanned documents</a> (David Kriesel) "This
is not an OCR problem (as we switched off OCR on
purpose), it is a lot worse - patches of the
pixel data are randomly replaced in a very
subtle and dangerous way: The scanned images
look correct at first glance, even though
numbers may actually be incorrect."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://realbusinessatxerox.blogs.xerox.com/2013/08/07/update-on-scanning-issue-software-patches-to-come/?CMP=SMO-EXT#.Ugj4RuZDsz8">Update
on scanning issue: software patches to come</a>
(Real Business at Xerox/Ken Ericson) "We
continue to work tirelessly and diligently to
develop a software patch to address the problem.
We'll pass along information about the timing of
the patch as soon as we have it. We want to
reiterate, we believe the issue deals with
'stress documents,' which include documents with
small fonts, those scanned multiple times and
hard to read."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://page2pixel.org/2013/08/when-copiers-arent-copying-as-they-should/">When
copiers aren't copying as they should...</a>
(From Page2Pixel/Isaiah Beard) "Of course, the
expectation is that the PDF will exactly match
the original paper document. There's just one
problem: an absolute, exact copy would mean
generating large, uncompressed images, resulting
in huge PDF files that would be difficult to
pass around in e-mail attachments, and cost a
lot of money to store on large hard drives for
archival purposes. For many corporate settings,
this would be a deal-breaker. So, to keep file
sizes down, nearly all of these copy systems
(not just Xerox) compress the scanned images,
using the industry-standard <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JBIG2">JBIG2
algorithm</a>."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2013/08/09/security-flaw-with-a-difference-the-xerox-scanner-that-makes-your-house-smaller/">Security
flaw with a difference - the Xerox scanner
that makes your house smaller!</a> (Naked
Security/Paul Ducklin) "It turns out that the
Xerox scanner in question was using a
compression scheme called JBIG2, which emerged
from the grandly-named Joint Bi-level Image
Experts Group. Bi-level images, as the name
suggests, have just one bit per pixel, such as
the images used in fax machines (if you remember
them). And JBIG2 has a clever, yet, with
hindsight very reckless, feature: if two
'swatches' of the image look like each other,
the same data is used for both swatches, so that
they effectively become identical."</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
<p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Copiers
fact:</em></strong></small><br>
</p>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">So far,
the copiers primarily affected by this problem
seem to be older Xerox WorkCentre machines. See
the list <a
href="http://realbusinessatxerox.blogs.xerox.com/2013/08/07/update-on-scanning-issue-software-patches-to-come/?CMP=SMO-EXT#.Ugj4RuZDsz8">posted
by Xerox</a>.
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
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