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                    <p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
                      <span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
                        color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
                        line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4cast #348: Goodbye,
                        Skeuomorphs</span><br>
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                      <span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
                        color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic;
                        font-family: arial;">August 21st, 2013</span></p>
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                    <p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
                        alt="skeuomorphs"
                        src="cid:part4.06050407.00030309@oplin.org"
                        height="110" width="110" align="left">Back in
                      June, Apple announced that it was going to start
                      avoiding skeuomorphism. Skeuomorphism is not some
                      contagious disease; it's a design principle that,
                      when applied to computers, makes the computer
                      interface look like things from the real world.
                      From its beginning, Apple (and Steve Jobs in
                      particular) thought skeuomorphs were important to
                      make people comfortable with technology, and so
                      the earliest Apple computers had a screen that
                      looked like a "desktop." The fact that Apple is
                      now moving away from skeuomorphism in the design
                      of its mobile apps is a pretty strong indicator
                      that we have come to the point where people don't
                      feel as much need for the computer "world" to look
                      like the real world. So - no more pine bookcases
                      in the iBooks app.
                    </p>
                    <div> </div>
                    <ul style="text-align: left;">
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/shortcuts/2013/jun/12/skeuomorphism-apple-ditched-ios7">Why
                          Apple ditched its skeuomorphic design for iOS7</a>
                        (The Guardian/Steve Rose) "Look closely, and
                        skeuomorphism is all over Apple and other user
                        interfaces - the little shadows cast by windows,
                        the highlights on virtual buttons designed to
                        make them look shiny, like real buttons.
                        Originally this was to help us neanderthals make
                        sense of the dazzling new technology before us,
                        as in: 'Oh, I get it. That looks like a button,
                        so I'm meant to push it.'"</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22840833">What
                          is skeuomorphism?</a> (BBC News/Sam Judah)
                        "The envelope is the de-facto symbol for email
                        and SMS messages. It offers a nice distinction
                        between read and unread - they become opened and
                        unopened envelopes. [...] You cut and paste on
                        Microsoft programs like Word and Outlook using
                        scissors and a clipboard. The 'show desktop'
                        icon on Windows XP looks like a leather-bound
                        desk blotter. Not just an old-world item, but
                        something that hasn't been on the typical desk
                        for a long, long time."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://qz.com/110613/the-head-of-android-design-small-screens-are-pushing-a-new-wave-in-design/">The
                          head of Android design: Small screens are
                          pushing a new wave in design</a>
                        (Quartz/Christopher Mims) "On the other end of
                        the spectrum, at least in theory, is <a
                          href="http://gizmodo.com/what-is-flat-design-508963228">Windows
                          Phone</a> and Google's Android operating
                        system, which operate on the principle that most
                        people already know how computers work and we
                        don't need to coddle them with flourishes that
                        make interfaces resemble objects, like physical
                        calendars, which most of us don't even own any
                        longer."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://techcrunch.com/2013/08/04/after-skeuomorphism/">After
                          skeuomorphism</a> (TechCrunch/John Biggs)
                        "Whereas Solitaire taught users to point to a
                        single item on their desktop, these new buttons
                        train users to use all their senses, to
                        intuitively control an environment with the cues
                        that are so infinitesimal that only someone from
                        a future generation could grasp them. We are
                        that future generation. That's right. We made
                        it. We're in the future."</li>
                    </ul>
                    <div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
                    <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Steve
                            Jobs quote:</em></strong></small><br>
                    </p>
                    <div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">"We made
                      the buttons on the screen look so good you'll want
                      to lick them." (<em>Fortune</em> magazine, 24
                      January 2000)
                    </div>
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