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<p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4cast #383: Network
(non?)neutrality</span><br>
<!-- Make sure you modify the date of the 4Cast in this section -->
<span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic;
font-family: arial;">April 30th, 2014</span></p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
src="cid:part4.04090300.00050509@oplin.org"
alt="FCC seal" align="left" height="100"
width="110">Last Thursday, the FCC issued a
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) that laid out
changes the Commission will be considering in
order to comply with a January court ruling
striking down the FCC's 2010 Open Internet Order.
You've probably seen the ensuing news stories,
many of which have a headline something like "FCC
Kills Net Neutrality," since the NPRM is much more
lax about "pay-to-play" deals for Internet traffic
than the 2010 order. Network neutrality is seen as
an issue for libraries; the American Library
Association, for instance, has <a
href="http://www.ala.org/advocacy/telecom/netneutrality">concerns</a>
that if companies can pay for Internet "fast
lanes," libraries and other non-commercial
organizations will end up in the "slow lanes." But
this is a very complex issue that is easily
misunderstood. We've gathered some articles below
which try to untangle and dispassionately explain
the issue (despite some of their headlines).
</p>
<div> </div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://recode.net/2014/04/26/does-anyone-like-the-fccs-proposed-net-neutrality-rules/">Does
anyone like the FCC's proposed net neutrality
rules?</a> (Re/code /Amy Schatz) "Net
neutrality is the concept that Internet
providers can't block or discriminate among
legal Internet traffic. [FCC Chairman Tom]
Wheeler has <a
href="http://recode.net/2014/04/24/fcc-tries-explaining-new-net-neutrality-approach-as-techies-freak/">proposed</a>
allowing Internet providers charge content
providers for faster connections to subscribers
on the public Internet. Federal regulators would
limit how Internet providers could offer such
services, but the proposal sparked an outcry
from net neutrality proponents who believe the
change guts the concept of an open Internet."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/04/the-fccs-fast-lane-rule-is-awful-for-the-internet-just-ask-the-fcc/">The
FCC's "fast lane" rule is awful for the
Internet-just ask the FCC</a> (Ars
Technica/Jon Brodkin) "The FCC could have
reinstated all the rules in that [2010 Open
Internet] order by reclassifying ISPs as <a
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/01/how-the-fcc-screwed-up-its-chance-to-make-isp-blocking-illegal/">common
carriers</a>, but it chose not to. On the plus
side, Wheeler says the new rules will prevent
'blocking of lawful content' just as the old
ones did. But payments in exchange for an
Internet fast lane will be allowed as long as
they're 'commercially reasonable,' a much lower
standard than the one adopted in 2010."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="https://medium.com/p/7805f8049503">How
the FCC plans to save the Internet by
destroying it: An explainer</a> (Medium/Ryan
Singel) "So this is what the FCC is going to do
for the entire internet. It's going to allow
ISPs to charge Netflix and YouTube and whomever
for fast access. ISPs won't be able to block
services, but it doesn't have to provide
services on a fair basis. The FCC is going to
try to draw up rules that try to make those
agreements sort-of-fair, but the strongest those
rules can be is holding ISPs to standard called
'commercially reasonable'. If it tries to make
the rules <em>actually</em> fair, then the FCC
has overstepped its authority."</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/04/the-best-writing-on-net-neutrality/361237/">Net
neutrality: A guide to (and history of) a
contested idea</a> (The Atlantic/Alexis C.
Madrigal and Adrienne LaFrance) "If it is so
obvious, though, that net neutrality is a good
thing, then why has it remained a contested
idea? There are complications. The purity of
[Lawrence] Lessig's e2e ['end to end'] principle
does not remain in practice: there is a long
tradition of <a
href="http://blog.streamingmedia.com/2014/02/media-botching-coverage-netflix-comcast-deal-getting-basics-wrong.html">paid
commercial arrangements between content owners
and network operators</a>. Content-delivery
networks that have already created a 'fast lane'
for most professional sites, albeit
independently of the network owners. And as
Pennsylvania law professor Chris Yoo has long
argued (contra Wu), there might be <a
href="http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1485&context=fclj&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fscholar%3Fhl%3Den%26q%3DNetwork%2BNeutrality%2Band%2Bthe%2BEconomics%2Bof%2BCongestion%26btnG%3D%26as_sdt%3D1%252C5%26as_sdtp%3D#search=%22Network%20Neutrality%20Economics%20Congestion%22">benefits
to non-neutral networks</a>."</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
<p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Ironic
fact:</em></strong></small><br>
</p>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">Many point
to the recent deal Netflix made with Comcast for
an Internet "fast lane" as the beginning of the
end of network neutrality, so it is ironic that in
<a
href="http://www.engadget.com/2014/04/25/netflix-tivo-us-cable-operators/">other
news last week</a>, Netflix will now be provided
by some cable companies, instead of relying on the
Internet for content delivery.
</div>
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