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                    <p><!-- Make sure you modify the 4Cast title in this section -->
                      <span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;
                        color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;
                        line-height: 110%;">OPLIN 4cast #413: Wayfinding
                        cues for the blind</span><br>
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                      <span style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal;
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                        font-family: arial;">November 26th, 2014</span></p>
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                    <p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><img
                        src="cid:part4.04010005.07080004@oplin.org"
                        alt="blind symbol" align="left" height="110"
                        width="80">This may not have much to do with
                      library technology - not yet, anyway - but it's a
                      cool story nonetheless. Libraries have always been
                      involved with efforts to open the world of books
                      to those who have vision impairment, of course,
                      but it seems like new technologies that could be
                      useful are often around for years before someone
                      adapts them for the blind. Wearable technology,
                      like Google Glass, easily could have become
                      another example of new technologies ignoring the
                      visually impaired; but now Microsoft is testing
                      some wearable technology that has the potential to
                      significantly enrich the lives of the blind.
                    </p>
                    <div> </div>
                    <ul style="text-align: left;">
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.engadget.com/2014/11/06/microsoft-headset-for-the-visually-impaired/">Microsoft's
                          bone-conducting headset guides the blind with
                          audio cues</a> (Endgadget | Mariella Moon)
                        "Microsoft, for one, is currently testing a new
                        headset (developed with help from UK charity <a
                          href="http://www.guidedogs.org.uk/">Guide Dogs</a>)
                        that uses 3D soundscape technology to guide its
                        users with audio cues along the way. That
                        bone-conducting headset can't work alone,
                        though: it needs to be connected to a
                        smartphone, as well as to receive information
                        from Bluetooth and WiFi <a
href="http://www.engadget.com/2014/08/03/sfo-beacons-for-blind-passengers/">beacons</a>
                        placed in intervals throughout the roads users
                        take."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://news.microsoft.com/stories/independence-day/">Independence
                          Day: A new pilot program sets people with
                          sight loss free to experience cities like
                          never before</a> (Microsoft/Stories | Jennifer
                        Warnick) "Microsoft designers worked incredibly
                        closely with Guide Dogs - its employees,
                        mobility experts and users like Bottom and
                        Brewell - to genuinely understand the challenges
                        of traveling to and fro with vision loss. The
                        engineers and designers from Microsoft and
                        mobility experts and users from Guide Dogs spent
                        countless hours in the field together. In rain
                        and wind, they patiently tried various
                        half-baked ideas, experimented with different
                        approaches to hardware and software, and gave
                        essential feedback to help shape the technology
                        every step of the way."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
                          href="http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=36846">Blind
                          Microsoft director offers bold new vision w/
                          help from father of multi-touch</a> (Daily
                        Tech | Jason Mick) "After all, dogs can't tell
                        you where the closest spot to grab a bite to eat
                        is. A smartphone might tell you that. But even
                        they fall short. A local public transit
                        authority might offer vision impaired auditory
                        clues, for example, and/or release a
                        well-integrated smartphone app that tells riders
                        exactly what bus is arriving when. But many city
                        services lack these kind of accessibility
                        efforts. And even those that have them, may be
                        unable to save a vision impaired person from
                        getting on the wrong bus, if the scheduled bus
                        on the route is running late, and a different
                        route is running early."</li>
                      <li style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                        font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><a
href="http://www.theverge.com/2014/11/6/7164623/microsoft-3d-sound-headset-guide-dogs">Microsoft
                          had to blindfold me so I could hear the future</a>
                        (The Verge | Tom Warren) "The real magic of this
                        system is the 3D audio technology that gives you
                        a real sense of direction. One feature on the
                        headset allows you to push a button and hear a
                        list of nearby places of interest. They're
                        processed through the headset dependant on the
                        direction you're facing so that when a store is
                        read aloud you'll be able to hear the direction
                        of where it's located. That might be in the rear
                        left or out in front, but the audio gives you a
                        clear sense of where that store is along a route
                        through just sound alone."</li>
                    </ul>
                    <div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
                    <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 20px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;"><small><strong><em>Articles
                            from <a href="http://ohioweblibrary.org">Ohio
                              Web Library</a>:</em></strong></small><br>
                    </p>
                    <div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;
                      font-family: arial; line-height: 110%;">
                      <ul>
                        <li><a
href="http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.oplin.org/ehost/detail/detail?sid=a1abb00c-7faa-43ee-8b1e-1fb1c6823d8d%40sessionmgr113&vid=0&hid=123&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=cph&AN=18977527">Exploring
                            the functional specifications of a localized
                            wayfinding verbal aid for blind pedestrians:
                            Simple and structured urban areas.</a> (<em>Human-Computer
                            Interaction</em>, Sept. 2005, p267-314 |
                          Florence Gaunet and Xavier Briffault)</li>
                        <li><a
href="http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.oplin.org/ehost/detail/detail?sid=61466dd5-bca4-4074-8831-0706b6777abf%40sessionmgr198&vid=0&hid=123&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=aph&AN=44252854">An
                            indoor routing algorithm for the blind:
                            Development and comparison to a routing
                            algorithm for the sighted.</a> (<em>International
                            Journal of Geographical Information Science</em>,
                          Oct. 2009, p1315-1343 | Martin Swobodzinski
                          and Martin Raubal)</li>
                        <li><a
href="http://web.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.oplin.org/ehost/detail/detail?sid=4c3b4eb7-d725-4f0a-b5aa-177981021b12%40sessionmgr113&vid=0&hid=123&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=aph&AN=86051772">Toward
                            a computer vision-based wayfinding aid for
                            blind persons to access unfamiliar indoor
                            environments.</a> (<em>Machine Vision &
                            Applications</em>, April 2013, p521-535 |
                          YingLi Tian, Xiaodong Yang, Chucai Yi, and
                          Aries Arditi)</li>
                      </ul>
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