[OPLINLIST] AccessScience News - June 2006

Mon Jun 26 07:45:28 EDT 2006

         Volume 7 · Issue 6
June 23, 2006
 *Welcome to AccessScience News!*
AccessScience News is a free monthly newsletter highlighting the latest
content and features of AccessScience, the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of
Science & Technology Online.

*IN THIS ISSUE

 Welcome
 New & Noteworthy
 New Articles
 Recently Published Q & A
 Image of the Month
 Subscribe to Newsletter

*

*NEW AND NOTEWORTHY*

 Bookmarklets: An AccessScience mini-tutorial

Do you ever need to look up the definition of a scientific or technical term
you come across when using the Web? Or perhaps you want in-depth information
about a scientific concept mentioned in an article. AccessScience
bookmarklets help you get information like this in almost any text-based Web
site.....quickly and without leaving the site you're using. Here's how it
works.

AccessScience bookmarklets are installed in the personal toolbar of your
browser. They are available
here<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,8tgb,2lzn,i7hv,hbnq>for
most commonly used browsers. When you find a word or phrase on a Web
site for which you'd like more information, simply highlight it by running
your mouse across it, then click on the bookmarklet in the toolbar. This
will automatically launch a search in AccessScience and present the results
in a separate window (depending on your browser, it will be either a window
that pops up over the current window or a new one). You can then work within
AccessScience to find the information you need; simply close the window to
return to the original site. This can be done as often as you wish. Please
note that such searches currently are not possible in text embedded in
images or pdf documents.

Here's how to install the bookmarklets. Please note that you must have
JavaScript enabled in your browser. A link to the download page ["Toolbar
Search (free download)"] is available in the search area on the home page of
AccessScience. Or go directly to it from
here<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,8tgb,2lzn,i7hv,hbnq>.
You will find two links titled "Search Access Science." One is for Internet
Explorer users, the other for Firefox and Safari users. Select one or the
other depending on the browser you're using and follow the installation
instructions. For Firefox and Safari users, simply place your mouse pointer
over the link, click and hold down, then drag the link to the personal
toolbar. For Internet Explorer users, right click on the appropriate link
and select "Add to Favorites." Answer "Yes" to the security pop-up warning
you that the link may not be safe (it is) and add to your Links folder. The
bookmarklet by default will be titled "Search AccessScience" (you can change
it to whatever you like).

* RECENTLY PUBLISHED Q & A *

 *Why can tiny amounts of Vitamin B-12 be life-saving for some people with
anemia, while even very large amounts cannot help
others?<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,jcpc,g6te,i7hv,hbnq>
*
Answer by Dr. Arthur Haut, Professor Emeritus of Internal Medicine, Division
of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,
Little Rock.

*IMAGE OF THE MONTH *

 *Andromeda Galaxy "Weighs
In"<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,dew1,betk,i7hv,hbnq>
*

This false-color image of the Andromeda Galaxy, also named Messier 31, was
produced from 3000 separate pictures taken in 2005 by the *Spitzer Space
Telescope*. Astronomers used the data to measure the brightness of
Andromeda's infrared light and for the first time applied such a factor to
determine its overall "weight" and stellar population. [*Credit:
NASA/JPL-Caltech/P. Barmby (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics)*]
*SUBSCRIBE TO NEWSLETTER<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,7czo,jnnt,i7hv,hbnq>
*

SUBSCRIBER SUPPORT: You may contact Customer Service by e-mail at
OnlineCustomer_Service at mcgraw-hill.com or by fax at 1-614-759-3823. When
faxing, please mark your fax: "Attention: AccessScience Team."
*NEW ARTICLES*

 *AccessScience articles include extensive bibliographies and related
websites for further research.*

  *Sex-linked inheritance*<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,3fdl,2sk2,i7hv,hbnq>,
by Prof. Reed E. Pyeritz, Center for Medical Genetics, Allegheny Health,
Education and Research Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Certain traits
and diseases are inherited through genes in one of the sex chromosomes. This
article describes sex-linked traits, such as colorblindness,
sex-determination, and how the advances in gene mapping are helping
scientists understand the origin of our many human traits.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.617600<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,4onx,edr5,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Endoplasmic reticulum quality
control<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,do70,ifu6,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Dr. Jeffrey L. Brodsky and Jennifer L. Goeckeler, Department of
Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In eukaryotic
cells, it is vital that only properly folded proteins leave the endoplasmic
reticulum for intracellular transport to their final destination. With this
well illustrated article, learn about diseases caused by misfolded proteins
and the processes that occur in cells to ensure proper transport of folded
proteins.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.YB061930<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,do70,ifu6,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Dip-pen nanolithography<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,ko1u,dzuy,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Prof. Chad A. Mirkin, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois. This illustrated article describes the
methods and tools used for writing at the nanoscale, useful for researchers
studying nanostructures, conducting semiconductor repairs, and in biomedical
research.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.YB060120<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,ko1u,dzuy,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Wolverine<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,1g80,j77o,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Dr. Donald W. Linzey, Professor of Biology, Wytheville Community
College, Virginia. Learn about the life of this carnivorous mammal found in
the tundra and taiga zones in Europe, Asia, and North America, and why
humans are the only important enemy of the wolverine.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.748100<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,flyl,d7hi,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Deer*<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,gb88,16je,i7hv,hbnq>,
by Dr. Donald W. Linzey, Professor of Biology, Wytheville Community College,
Virginia.
Did you know that two species of deer never develop antlers or that a deer's
stomach is composed of four compartments? Learn more in this illustrated
article.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.183300<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,r6a,f5h6,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Drone*<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,fow,d5r0,i7hv,hbnq>,
by Prof. Roy A. Myose, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Wichita State
University, Kansas, and Robert J. Strohl, Batelle Laboratories, Columbus,
Ohio. This well illustrated article reviews the different classes,
evolution, and current status of drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.205300<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,6hz8,l6fo,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Underwater navigation<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,8fkw,h2ud,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Joseph A. Cestone, Consultant, Navigation, Sumner, Maryland; and Dr.
Richard Greenspan , Dr. Charles J. Hrbeck,and Emery St. George, Jr.
(retired), The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Developments in submersible vehicles and advances in prolonged deep sea
diving expeditions have resulted in new requirements for underwater
navigation. Read about the equipment, such as acoustic transponders and
sensors, and the advances in submarine and diver navigation techniques in
this illustrated article.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.720700<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,iz4z,1bap,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Gamma-ray bursts<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,73nk,a8qi,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Prof. Lynn Cominsky, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sonoma State
University, California. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), short cosmic blasts of very
high energy electromagnetic radiation, were first detected in 1973, and
current sensors record an average of one per day. This article surveys our
current knowledge of GRBs, including a history of observations, the
discovery of afterglows, their origins, possible association of certain
types with supernova explosions of massive stars, a possible role in the
birth of black holes, and more.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.801000<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,73nk,a8qi,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Betelgeuse<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,igpk,16cq,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Prof. Harold A. McAlister, Center for High Angular Resolution
Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta. Read a vivid description of
this supergiant star based on optical, infrared, ultraviolet, and radio
telescopes.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.080600<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,gei6,6bd1,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Sleep and dreaming<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,mbzr,esm,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Dr. Stephen LaBerge, The Lucidity Institute, Palo Alto, CA. This
comprehensive article reviews current knowledge of sleep and dreaming, from
the evolution of sleep to our current understanding of dreams.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.628000<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,f0ub,ei7h,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Nutrition<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,kojo,f1m6,i7hv,hbnq>
*, updated by Dr. Donald R. Davis, College of Natural Sciences, Clayton
Foundation Biochemical Institute, University of Texas, Austin. The science
of nourishment and nutrients continues to grow and shift in its focus. Early
research in human nutrition focused on deficiency diseases however,
interests have shifted toward the promotion of health and resistance to
chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, and
diabetes. Learn more in this fascinating article.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.462600<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,me8z,84fr,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Sciatica<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,760p,5l0z,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Hamilton Hall, M.D., FRCSC; Professor, Department of Surgery,
University of Toronto; Executive Director, Canadian Spine Society. This type
of leg pain follows a path down the sciatic nerves. It is usually caused by
an acute disc rupture, but other injuries or illnesses can cause the same
reaction. Learn more about this often misunderstood ailment.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.607000<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,gjoa,3mo9,i7hv,hbnq>

  *Artificial intelligence<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,47n9,jq8w,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Dr. Steven M. Gustafson, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom and
Dr. David A. Gustafson, Department of Computing and Information Science,
Kansas State University, Manhattan. Find out how researchers are programming
computer systems to possess the four foundations required for artificial
intelligence: representation, search, reasoning, and learning. Examples of
artificial intelligence and implications are also discussed.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.053300<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,hqcu,276q,i7hv,hbnq>

  *X-rays<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,ibkm,gq9v,i7hv,hbnq>
*, by Professor George L. Clark, Emeritus Research Professor of Analytical
Chemistry, University of Illinois, and Dr. Alfred S. Schlachter, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, California. Learn about W. C. Roentgen's
accidental discovery of x-rays and how our knowledge of x-rays and their
applications have advanced over the last one hundred years.
DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.751500<http://www.elabs3.com/c.html?rtr=on&s=djm,q6al,pe,89nx,l9r3,i7hv,hbnq>

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